Selecting the correct dust extractor is a control measure under COSHH, not a convenience. Choose by hazard, task, and performance under load—not by tank size or free-air numbers.

Know the classes

Broadly, L-Class suits low-to-moderate risk dusts; M-Class is the UK baseline for silica and hardwood dust; H-Class is for higher-hazard carcinogenic or sensitising dusts and where containment is critical (for example, asbestos requires specialist H-Class procedures). Where fine or carcinogenic respirable dusts are present, a HEPA H14 final filter is appropriate.

Match the vacuum to the task

• Tool extraction: check airflow under load and hose diameter match the tool shroud. Auto filter-clean helps maintain pickup during continuous cutting or sanding.
• General clean-up: choose sealed bagging, antistatic hoses, and enough duty cycle for extended use.
• Confined areas: favour quieter units and consider negative air to keep background levels down.

Performance that matters

• Airflow under load: verify the figure relevant to your tool. A drop usually signals filter loading or leaks.
• Filter strategy: use pre-filters or cyclones for heavy dust to limit clogging and protect HEPA stages.
• Containment: sealed liners, cap-off hose ports, and good gasket integrity reduce dust escape.
• Verification: simple capture tests on offcuts and periodic checks with a particulate monitor help prove control.

Practical buying checks

• Confirm the dust class against your materials and RAMS.
• Inspect hose/connector compatibility with your tools.
• Look for automatic filter cleaning and easy, sealed bag change.
• Plan servicing and spare filters; clogged filters kill airflow.

For small power tools, many contractors pair compact M-Class extractors with auto clean; for instance, a MAXVAC unit can be matched to sanders or grinders where silica control is needed. The right choice keeps exposures below the HSE’s WEL for RCS of 0.1 mg/m³ and reduces rework from dust contamination.

Practical takeaways

• Choose by hazard: L (low), M (baseline for silica/wood), H (higher hazard/containment).
• Check airflow under load, not just free-air ratings.
• Use pre-separation and auto filter-clean for dusty tasks.
• Seal waste at source and maintain gaskets and hoses.

A suitable, properly maintained extractor is a control measure you can rely on day after day.