Regulations around dust exposure can feel complex, but understanding how COSHH, OSHA, and workplace exposure limits (WEL/PEL) relate to one another is essential for compliance. This guide unpacks the basics in plain English to help site managers and safety officers apply standards effectively.

Understanding the Frameworks

COSHH (Control of Substances Hazardous to Health) applies within the UK. It requires employers to assess risks, implement controls, and monitor exposure to hazardous substances including dust. OSHA rules fulfil a similar role in the United States, specifying permissible exposure limits (PELs) and hazard communication requirements. WEL and PEL are simply the quantified exposure limits derived from these systems.

Key Differences and Common Ground

The primary difference lies in enforcement jurisdiction, but both share the same principles: control exposure at source and keep air concentrations below the defined limit. Both require documentation, worker information, and demonstrable evidence that controls remain effective.

How to Stay Compliant

Compliance means applying a recognised hierarchy: elimination, substitution, engineering control, PPE, and administration. Recognised practices include using correct equipment (such as M or H class vacuums, HEPA filtration, and local exhaust systems) and performing air monitoring. Documentation of assessments and maintenance records supports compliance during audits.

Aligning Standards Across Sites

International companies often work under both frameworks, so aligning policies prevents confusion. Using the stricter applicable standard is a safe approach. Training programmes should ensure that site teams understand terminologies and exposure reporting units, such as mg/m³ or µg/m³.

Practical Takeaways

• Always identify which framework applies to your location
• Follow the exposure limit relevant to your jurisdiction
• Keep continuous documentation of assessments and controls
• Train workers on practical compliance steps
• Regularly review updates to COSHH or OSHA guidance

A clear grasp of COSHH, OSHA, and WEL/PEL helps simplify compliance management and build safe, defensible working practices that protect both workers and businesses.